Influence of pruning on growth of some industrial hemp varieties (Cannabis sativa L.) and determination of secondary metabolites in inflorescences of vegetativelypropagated cuttings.

Navadna konoplja je zelo raznolika vrsta, zato je načrtovana pridelava lahko problematična. Z vegetativnim razmnoževanjem dobimo matični rastlini enake potomce (potaknjence), ki nam zagotovijo enakomernejše in kakovostnejše pridelke v primerjavi z vzgojo iz semena. V raziskavi smo vzgajali matične rastline šestih sort navadne konoplje (Cannabis sativa L.) \u27Carmagnola\u27, Tiborszallasi\u27, \u27Gorička Simba\u27, Santhica 27\u27, \u27Fiona\u27 in \u27Finola\u27 skozi časovno obdobje 9-ih mesecev in spremljali njihovo obraščanje ob treh vrstah začetne (prve) rezi, to je nad trejim, nad petim in nad sedmim nodijem. Primerjava zbranih rezultatov genotipov vseh sort nam je pokazala statistično značilne razlike med posameznimi načini rezi. Ker ima navanda konoplja dobro sposobnost razmnoževanja s vegetativnimi potaknjenci, smo poganjke uporabili za ocenitev sposobnost koreninjenja različnih genotipov petih sort konoplje, med katerimi se je za najboljšo izkazala \u27Gorička Simba\u27, Sorta \u27Finola\u27 se je po pričakovanjih pokazala za neprimerno za vegetativno razmnoževanje. Ukoreninjene vegetativne potaknjence smo izpostavili rastnim razmeram za prehod v generativno fazo. Ob primerni zrelosti socvetij smo socvetja vzorčili in z uporabo tekočinske kromatografije visoke ločljivosti (HPLC) ter plinske kromatografije v povezavi s masno spektrometrijo (GC-MS) določili kanabinoidni in terpenoidni profil genotipov. Velike razlike v vsebnosti kanabinoidov, predvsem skupnega CBD, THC in CBDV, kažejo na heterogenost navadne konoplje na nivoju sekundarnih metabolitov, kar se kaže tudi v vsebnosti terpenov.Hemp is one of the most heterogeneous species meaning that planned production can be problematic. Vegetative propagation by stem cuttings is a low-cost method that delivers genetically uniform plants similar to mother plants with consistent rates of growth and cannabinoid production compared with propagation from seed. In this research we tried to maintain mother plants of six hemp varieties (Cannabis sativa L.) \u27Carmagnola\u27, Tiborszallasi\u27, \u27 Gorička Simba \u27, \u27Santhica 27\u27, \u27Fiona\u27 and \u27Finola\u27 over a period of 9 months and observe influence of pruning on growth. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between individual pruning types. Since cannabis has great ability for vegetative reproduction by stem cuttings, we used the shoots to evaluate rooting success and quality of five hemp varieties, among which "Gorička Simba" showed the best results. Rooted vegetative stem cuttings were set to blooming phase. Fully mature inflorescences have been sampled and and analysed. Contents of cannabinoids and terpenes in inflorescences were determinated using HPLC and GC-MS. Large variation in content of cannabinoids, especially in total CBD, THC and CBDV as well as terpenoids confirms heterogeneity of secondary metabolites in cannabis