Theory of Mind, Social Expectations, and the Situation of People with Autistic Spectrum Disorders, including People with Asperger Syndrome

W artykule podjęto próbę analizy stanu badań nad teorią umysłu oraz jej deficytem u osób z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu (ASD), szczególnie z Zespołem Aspergera (ZA). Poszukuje się w nim również związków teorii umysłu z oczekiwaniami, które wyznaczają reguły współzależności społecznej. W świetle analizowanych badań można stwierdzić, że teoria umysłu wiąże się, przez powszechne oczekiwanie empatii, z potrzebą i regułą akceptacji i szacunku. Biologicznie uwarunkowany deficyt teorii umysłu u osób z ASD prowokuje wysokie ryzyko ich odrzucenia jako niespełniających społecznych oczekiwań.The author attempted to analyse the state of research on the Theory of Mind and its deficit in people with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD), especially those with Asperger Syndrome (AS). This analysis also searched for connections between the Theory of Mind and expectations which set the rules of social interdependence. 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