Sequence similarity alignment algorithm in bioinformatics : techniques and challenges

Sequence similarity alignment is a basic information processing method in bioinformatics. It is very important for discovering the information of function, structure and evolution in biological sequences. The main idea is to use a specific mathematical model or algorithm to find the maximum matching base or residual number between two or more sequences. The results of alignment reflect to what extent the algorithm reflects the similarity relationship between sequences and their biological characteristics. Therefore, the simple and effective algorithm of sequence similarity alignment in bioinformatics has always been a concern of biologists. This paper reviews some widely used sequence alignment algorithms including double-sequence alignment and multi-sequence alignment, simultaneously, introduces a method to call genetic variants from next-generation gene sequence data