Climatic adaptation as priority of sustainable development of the agrifood system in the southern regions of Russia

The article presents current and prospective estimates of the climatic changes parameters and their contradictory impact on the productivity of the agrifood system in the country’s southern regions. In the period up to 2030-2050, against the background of an increase in heat supply and duration of crop season, a mixed arid-humid type of moistening will have been predicted with an increase in aridization towards an increase in the frequency of droughts, including soil ones, as well as increased harmfulness of certain types of agricultural pests and pathogens. A new climate-adapted paradigm of sustainable development of the agrifood system in the South of Russia, based on Climate-Smart Agriculture, is proposed. The priority measures of climatic adaptation of the agrifood system in the South of Russia are grounded in connection with the growth of the spacing of winter crops, heat-loving, fruit and berry crops, vineyards; water-saving and moisture-retaining technologies; phytosanitary measures for the prevention and control of climate-dependent pests; agrotechnical methods of increasing the adaptive potential of crops to climate change; climate-adaptive schemes for the use of pastures; engineering of highly productive and climate-resistant agrophytocenoses and agroecosystems. Measures to stimulate climatic adaptation of the agrifood system in the South of the Russian Federation should involve the development and inclusion in the sectoral State Program of the Russian Federation of the Adaptation of Agriculture of the Constituent Entities of the South of the Russian Federation to Climate Change pilot section with an annual competition of regional agro-climatic projects based on budget COFUND; financing farms for the implementation of climate-adapted and related agricultural activities, climate insurance