Sodium, Silver and Lithium-Ion Conducting beta ''-Alumina plus YSZ Composites, Ionic Conductivity and Stability

Na-beta ''-alumina (Na2O center dot similar to 6Al(2)O(3)) is known to be an excellent sodium ion conductor in battery and sensor applications. In this study we report fabrication of Na-beta ''-alumina + YSZ dual phase composite to mitigate moisture and CO2 corrosion that otherwise can lead to degradation in pure Na-beta ''-alumina conductor. Subsequently, we heat-treated the samples in molten AgNO3 and LiNO3 to respectively form Ag-beta ''-alumina + YSZ and Li-beta ''-alumina + YSZ to investigate their potential applications in silver- and lithium-ion solid state batteries. Ion exchange fronts were captured via SEM and EDS techniques. Their ionic conductivities were measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Both ion exchange rates and ionic conductivities of these composite ionic conductors were firstly reported here and measured as a function of ion exchange time and temperature