Energy and exergy analysis of hybrid photovoltaic thermal solar system under climatic condition of North Iraq

Present study involves an exhaustive analysis on hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system to display the actions of climate and operating conditions on its thermal and electrical efficiencies. The performances of the system have been evaluated based on energy and exergy analysis using the experimental data for the purpose of comparison. Experimental data have been measured for three different days in 2019 in Dohok city/north of Iraq under active mode. The results displayed that the climatic conditions have significant effect on the energy and exergy outputs. The results of energy analysis indicate that the maximum thermal and electric efficiencies in the range of (25%–58%) and (12%–16%), respectively. The results of exergy analysis displayed that the optimum thermal and electric efficiencies in the range of (2%–7%) and (10%–18%), respectively. The results also displayed that the solar panel temperature has a significant impact on the electrical energy and exergy efficiencies. The total solutions illustrated that the employ of PVT water system under active mode provides an obvious advantages and hence, the current work provides an interesting information for evaluating the performances of PVT system. As consequence, it can be advised for using in household applications at north of Iraq