Estimation Method of Greenhouse Gas Reduction for Electrical Energy Storage Based on Load-Leveling Application

In recent years, there have been several types of energy storage technologies adopted in many different areas, such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and renewable stabilization applications. Moreover, technologies of high energy and power density are useful for load leveling, power smoothing for renewable energy systems (RESs), and peak shaving for demand management. Under these circumstances, an estimation technique for assessing environmental issues applied to electrical energy storage (EES) systems is essential in order to promote commercialization of EES systems. Therefore, this paper proposes an estimation method for CO2 emission in cases where EES systems are introduced and not introduced. It is essential to evaluate environmental issues in EES systems at operation stages of their life cycle and make an effective contribution to environmental improvement and reduce potential adverse environmental impacts. Thus, this paper deals with an evaluation method for CO2 emission based on an optimal algorithm including a successive approximation method for the best-mix solution of power sources, etc. From the simulation result based on the proposed evaluation algorithm, it is found that the output power of a coal power plant (high CO2 emission) is replaced by the output powers of the EES systems and the nuclear generator (low CO2 emission)