Comparison of Dexamethasone Composition with Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine with Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine alone in a Supraclavicular Block with Low Volume

Background: Regional blocks is a good alternative to general anesthesia in upper extremity surgeries. Supraclavicular is a kind of regional block which can be used to treat nerve block in the upper extremity. The ancillary drugs are nowadays used to enhance the quality and quantity of sensory and motor block. The present study has attempted to investigate the effect of three prescription drugs (composition Dexamethasone with Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine with Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine alone) on supraclavicular block. Methods: This parallel Design study was conducted in 2017 as a clinical trial at Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Tehran. For this purpose, 60 patients over the age of 18 and in class I, II of the American Anesthesiology Association (ASA) who were candidates for upper limb elective surgery, were enrolled. Patients included in the study (60 patients) were randomly divided into three equal groups (n= 20). Anesthesia procedure was performed for all patients in three equal groups. However, to evaluate the efficacy of selected drugs, different drugs were injected into each group. After completing the design and recording the results of the variables under study, the t-test was used to compare quantitative variables between the two groups. All statistical tests were performed in two domains (5% significance level) and SPSS 21 software was used for data analysis. Results: In the levels of intraoperative factors in the comparative conditions of the BB[i] with BDexa[ii] and BB with BDex[iii] groups. However, Duration of Sensory Block (P=0.004) and Duration of Movement Block (P=0.001) were significantly different in BD and BDex groups. Conclusion: What can be clearly seen in the results are the significant changes of Duration of Sensory Block and Duration of Movement Block compared to the BDexa and BDex groups. Based on these results, in both cases we find a significant decrease in the measured duration in the BDexa group compared to the opposite group. Use of Bupivacaine + Dexamethasone has a more positive effect on Supraclavicular block compared to Bupivacaine + Dexmedetomidine and Bupivacaine alone. [i] Bupivacaine [ii] Bupivacaine + Dexamethasone [iii] Bupivacaine + Dexmedetomidine