International audienceThe UN's efforts to promote disarmament for development are important in the context of a global economy with strong social disparities and an arms race between the major powers. This situation is humanly difficult to accept, given the potential for wealth throughout the world and the precariousness of peace situations. Two fundamental questions challenge the economist regarding the militarisation of the world. Is global military expenditure actively contributing to the underdevelopment of third world countries? Is a disarmament process likely to promote economic development and if so, under what conditions? It should be added that any disarmament process could only be undertaken if the forces involved are still able t...