International audienceHealth risk assessments of chemical substances consider aggregate and/or cumulative exposures in order to characterise population health risks realistically.Should environmental exposure to chemical substances via indoor settled dust be taken into account and if so, how?Exposure to the chemicals in settled dust can occur through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Ingestion appears to be the most important route of exposure, and the only one that can be estimated from current knowledge. The recommended measurement technique is sampling by vacuuming a given surface, then sieving the dust at 250 μm (maximum size of the particles adhering to the hands) to document the mass and surface concentrations. Oral bioaccess...