3D printing for dentistry education: a scoping review

The objective of this scope review was to evaluate the influence of 3D printing technology on the teaching-learning process in the dental area. For this, research was carried out in four (04) electronic databases: MedLine (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus and Embase. Two reviewers independently evaluated the title and abstracts of potentially relevant studies, as well as their full reading, reaching a kappa agreement index of 0.84 in the first phase and 0.81 in the second phase. Only studies related to the use of 3D printing in the teaching of dentistry in the English language were included. A total of 22 studies met all criteria and were published between 2013 and 2020. The specialties that studied 3D printing directed to teaching were endodontics, dentistry and surgery. The preferences in teaching with 3D printing, regarding the form of image acquisition was the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Regarding the most used technology reported was StereoLithoGraphy (SLA) and the material considered for printing is additive manufactured resin, being the most printed anatomical object for dental teaching were teeth. Two reviewers independently evaluated the title and abstracts of potentially relevant studies, as well as their full reading, reaching a kappa agreement index of 0.84 in the first phase and 0.81 in the second phase. Only studies related to the use of 3D printing in the teaching of dentistry in the English language were included. A total of 22 studies met all criteria and were published between 2013 and 2020. The specialties that studied 3D printing directed to teaching were endodontics, operative dentistry and surgery. The preferences in teaching with 3D printing, regarding the form of image acquisition was the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Regarding the most used technology reported was StereoLithoGraphy (SLA) and the material considered for printing is additive manufactured resin, being the most printed anatomical object for dental teaching were teeth. The guided benefits of 3D printing are related to integration, applicability, variability, economy and realism when compared, aided or replaced by the traditional teaching approach. 3D printing offers educational autonomy by establishing and varying the educational objective using 3D printing technology, applying real patient situations as a basis. It is possible that 3D printing as a teaching method becomes a viable and enriching tool for the dental teaching-learning process.Sem bolsaO objetivo desta revisão de escopo foi avaliar a influência da tecnologia de impressão 3D no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na área odontológica. Para isso, foram realizadas pesquisas em quatro (04) bancos de dados eletrônicos: MedLine (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus e Embase. Dois revisores avaliaram, independentemente, o título e os resumos de estudos potencialmente relevantes, bem como posteriormente a leitura integral dos mesmos atingindo um índice de concordância kappa de 0.84 na primeira fase e 0,81 na segunda fase. Foram incluídos apenas estudos relacionados ao uso da impressão 3D no ensino de odontologia na língua inglesa. Um total de 22 estudos preencheram todos os critérios e foram publicados entre 2013 a 2020. As especialidades que estudaram a impressão 3D direcionadas ao ensino foram a endodontia, dentística e cirurgia. As preferências no ensino com a impressão 3D, quanto a forma de aquisição de imagens foi a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (CBCT). Em relação à tecnologia mais utilizada reportada foi a StereoLithoGraphy (SLA) e o material considerado para impressão é a resina manufaturada aditiva, sendo o objeto anatômico mais impresso para o ensino odontológico os dentes. Os benefícios pautados da impressão 3D estão relacionados a integração, aplicabilidade, variabilidade e realismo quando comparado, auxiliado ou substituindo a abordagem de ensino tradicional. As impressões 3D oferecem autonomia do ponto de vista didático ao estabelecer e variar o objetivo educacional usando a tecnologia de impressão 3D, aplicando como base situações de pacientes reais. É possível que a impressão 3D como método de ensino torne-se uma ferramenta viável e enriquecedora ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem odontológico