Occurrence of tuberculosis and actinobacilosis in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul, from 2000 to 2015

This dissertation aimed to evaluate the occurrence of tuberculosis and actinobacillosis in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul (RS). For the development of the study, necropsy and material reception protocols from the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory (LRD) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FV) of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) were revised from 2000 to 2015. During this period, 331 cases of tuberculosis. The highest number of cases was in females, aged over two years, mestizo, followed by animals of dairy breeds. The municipalities of origin that presented the highest rate of the disease were Pelotas, Turuçu, Capão do Leão, Arroio Grande and Rio Grande. The main material submitted for histopathological examination was lymph node. The number of cases of bovine tuberculosis showed a downward trend over the analyzed years (p <0.05). In this period, there was no seasonal influence on the occurrence of the disease (p <0.05) and there were no cases of epidemics of the disease. In the year 2016 an outbreak of actinobacillose occurred in the municipality of Bagé - RS, in a lot of 30 animals that were in a rice stand. From this lot, three animals presented lesions typical of the disease (oral cavity) and one presented the atypical form, with cutaneous lesions. The diagnosis was based on epidemiology, macroscopic, microscopic lesions and Gram staining. This dissertation is also composed of two scientific articles concerning the analysis of the epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in the southern region of RS and an outbreak of atypical actinobacillosis in cattle in southern RS.Sem bolsaEsta dissertação teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de tuberculose e actinobacilose em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Para desenvolvimento do estudo foram revisados os protocolos de necropsia e recebimento de materiais do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD) da Faculdade de Veterinária (FV) da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), nos anos de 2000 a 2015. Durante este período foram diagnosticados 331 casos de tuberculose. A maior casuística da doença foi em fêmeas, com idade superior a dois anos, mestiças, seguido por animais de raças com aptidão leiteira. Os municípios de origem que apresentaram maior taxa da enfermidade foram Pelotas, Turuçu, Capão do Leão, Arroio Grande e Rio Grande. O principal material remetido para exame histopatológico foi linfonodo. O número de casos de tuberculose bovina apresentou uma tendência de queda ao longo dos anos analisados (p<0,05). Neste período, não houve influência de sazonalidade na ocorrência da doença (p