Mining, migration and misery: Exploring the HIV/AIDS nexus in the Free State goldfields of South Africa

Over the past few years a growing body of literature has explored the link between patterns of HIV/AIDS in South Africa and the system of migrant labour which is inextricably linked to the mining industry (Horwitz 2001; Jack 2001; Lurie 2000; Pelser 2003). A historical look at patterns of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) reveals a complex network of sexual relations in which migrants and their partners are at a higher risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases than other couples. Research has also shown that migrant workers in South Africa and elsewhere, probably as a result of their living and personal conditions while away from their homes, are particularly inclined to participate in risky sexual behaviour. The system of men moving away from their families for long periods, is thus seen by some analysts as creating a geographical network of sexual relations in urban and rural areas, a market for prostitution in towns, as well as conditions on the mines and in the hostels which encourage and facilitate the spread of HIV (Cf. Lurie et al. 2003; Zuma et al. 2003: White 2003; Lagarde et al. 2003)