Comparing the Analgesic Effect of Aminophylline and Hyoscine with Morphine on Renal Colic: a Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction: Although narcotics are effective for pain relief in these patients, they have little impact on the underlying cause. Therefore, surveys have been conducted to find more effective agents. Objective: This study conducted to compare the analgesic effect of aminophylline and hyoscine combination with morphine on renal colic patients. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on patients with renal colic caused by urinary tract stones. Subjects were selected via convenience sampling method. Patients were randomly divided into two groups based on whether they received aminophylline + hyoscine or morphine. Before drug administration, one researcher was asked to measure the pain of the patients using Graduated Numbered Visual Analogue Scale (GN-VAS). Afterward, 20 mg of hyoscine along with 3 mg/kg of aminophylline in 100 cc normal saline was injected during 10 minutes into patients in the one group, whereas 0.1 mg/kg of morphine was intravenously with 100 cc normal saline to align two groups, administered to the subjects in another group. Half an hour after the administration of drugs, pain was measured for the second time. Vital signs and side effects were all recorded. Results: In this study, 95 patients (47 patients in the aminophylline+hyoscine group and 48 patients in the morphine group) remained in the trial until the end. The difference in sex distribution(p=0.227) and age(p=0.680) of the two groups was not statistically significant. Median of pain intensity was not significantly different between the two study groups (p<0.05), neither before nor after administration of the drugs. The mean time required for pain relief in morphine group was significantly lower than aminophylline+hyoscine group (5.9±1.6 vs. 11.1±1.6 minutes; p<0.001). Conclusion: Overall, our findings indicated that aminophylline + hyoscine combination was effective in reducing renal colic pain and there is no significant difference between this combination and morphine in terms of pain relief