Materials Properties, Manufacturing Methods, and Applications of Bioglass-Ceramics: A Review

Glass-ceramics, in addition to having extremely low coefficients of thermal expansion, may also have properties that promote particular applications. Examples include their high thermal shock resistance. Unlike glasses, glass-ceramic materials have a high degree of crystalline structure, with virtually zero vitreous material. In general, the crystals measure under one meter long, measure consistently, and are compact. In consequence, bioglass ceramics have been defined as a new class of glass ceramics that can be used for biomedical applications. As compared with glass, the mechanical properties of ceramics are superior. In this review, bioglass-ceramics properties, processing, and applications were discussed