Água como um catalisador para a paz e segurança mundial

RESUMEN:Los conflictos por el control y acceso al agua serán mas frecuentes en los próximos años, en el caso de los recursos hídricos compartidos, estos conflictos revestirán el carácter de internacional, poniendo en peligro la paz y seguridad mundial. La cooperación es clave, los Estados ribereños tienen la posibilidad de gestionar en forma conjunta estos recursos y anticiparse. Los cursos de agua internacionales son un factor importante en la vida de las personas. A pesar de que el 70 % de la Tierra está cubierta de agua, solo el 3 % es agua dulce, de los cuales sólo el 1 % está disponible para nuestro uso (el resto se encuentra congelado en glaciares o es inaccesible). Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, de aquí a 2025 la mitad de la población mundial vivirá en zonas con escasez de agua. La mayoría del agua disponible se encuentra bajo tierra, concentrada en acuíferos, en menor medida se encuentra en las aguas superficiales (ríos y lagos). ABSTRACT:Conflicts over control and access of scarce resources like water will be more frequent in the coming years, in the case of shared water resource, these conflicts will be international, endangering global peace and security. Cooperation is critical, riparian states can anticipate and carry forward and integrated water resource management. International watercourses are a significant factor in people’s lives. Even though 70% of the Earth is covered with water, only 3% is fresh water, of which only 1% is available for use (the rest is frozen in glaciers or is inaccessible). According to the World Health Organization, by 2025, half of the world’s population will live in areas with water shortages. Most of the available water is underground, concentrated in aquifers, to a lesser extent is in surface waters (rivers and lakes). KEYWORDS: water resources, water law, natural resources, human rights, international law, South America. JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: L95, Q25  Conflicts over control and access of scarce resources like water will be more frequent in the coming years, in the case of shared water resource, these conflicts will be international, endangering global peace and security. Cooperation is critical, riparian states can anticipate and carry forward and integratedwater resource management. International watercourses are a significant factor in people’s lives. Even though 70% of the Earth is covered with water, only 3% is fresh water, of which only 1% is available for use (the rest is frozen in glaciers or is inaccessible). According to the World Health Organization, by 2025, half of the world’s population will live in areas with water shortages. Most of the available water is underground,concentrated in aquifers, to a lesser extent is in surface waters (rivers and lakes).&nbsp