Prediction of input energy spectrum: attenuation models and velocity spectrum scaling

Recent improvements in performance-based earthquake engineering require realistic description of seismic demands and accurate estimation of supplied capacities in terms of both forces and deformations. Energy based approaches have a significant advantage in performance assessment because excitation and response durations, accordingly energy absorption and dissipation characteristics, are directly considered whereas force and displacement-based procedures are based only on the maximum response parameters. Energy-based procedures mainly consist of the prediction of earthquake input energy imposed on a structural system during an earthquake and energy dissipation performance of the structure