Vortex Formation and Force Generation Mechanisms of the DelFly II in Hovering Flight

This paper addresses the unsteady aerodynamic mechanisms in the hovering flight of the DelFly II flapping-wing Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV). Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (Stereo-PIV) were carried out around the wings at a high framing rate. Thrust-force was measured to investigate the relation between the vortex dynamics and the aerodynamic force generation. The results reveal that the Leading-Edge-Vortex (LEV), as well as the high flexibility of the wings, have a major effect on thrust generation. Comparison of three wing pairs with different aspect ratio (AR) is also reported, yielding significant differences in both vortical structures and thrust generation