Use of automated guided vehicles in warehouses

V diplomskem delu je predstavljena uporaba transportnih sredstev v skladiščih in skladiščnem poslovanju. V prvem delu so predstavljena skladišča, skladiščna informacijska tehnologija ter avtomatizacija skladišč. V nadaljevanju so predstavljena klasična skladiščna transportna sredstva, kot so viličarji, vlačilci ter druga transportna sredstva, predvsem različne vrste transporterjev, prav tako so predstavljene njihove tehnične lastnosti in zmogljivosti. Širši del diplomske naloge zajema predstavitev avtomatsko vodenih vozil. Predstavljene so vrste avtomatsko vodenih vozil, njihov način delovanja, navigiranja, vodenja ter zaznavanja okolice s pomočjo različnih varnostnih sistemov. Na osnovi njihovih lastnosti in primerjave s klasičnimi transportnimi sredstvi so predstavljene tudi njihove prednosti in slabosti. Opisana je njihova uporaba v različnih skladiščnih procesih. Podrobneje je predstavljen proces komisioniranja ter možnost uporabe avtomatsko vodenih vozil procesu komisioniranja. V praktičnem delu je predstavljen izračun potrebnih delavcev in avtomatsko vodenih vozil v sodelovanju pri komisioniranju blaga v skladišču. Izračun temelji na skladišču, ki je organizirano v cone. Pri izračunu je upoštevana predpostavka, da je v vsaki coni zaposlen en delavec. Izračun pokaže, da je število AGV-jev odvisno od predvidenih dnevnih naročil, stroški na prejeto naročilo pa se z večanjem sodelovanja AGV-jev zmanjšujejo.The diploma thesis presents the use of means of transport in warehousing and storage operations. The first part presents warehouses, warehouse information technology and warehouse automation. Then, classical warehouse transport vehicles such as forklifts, tugs and other transport vehicles, in particular different types of conveyors, are presented, as well as their technical characteristics and capacities. The broader part of the diploma thesis includes the presentation of automatically guided vehicles. In this part of diploma thesis there are presented the types of automatically guided vehicles, their mode of operation, navigation, guidance, and perception of the surroundings are presented, with the help of various safety systems. Their advantages and disadvantages are also presented on the basis of their characteristics and a comparison with conventional means of transport. Their use in different warehousing processes is described. The picking process is presented in detail, as well as the possibility of using automated guided vehicles in the picking process In the last part of diploma thesis, the case study calculation of the required workers and automatically guided vehicles in cooperation with the order picking of goods in the warehouse. The calculation is based on an warehouse organized into zones. The calculation considers the assumption that one worker is employed in each zone. The calculation shows that the number of AGVs depends on the anticipated daily orders, and the costs per received order decrease as the participation of AGVs increases