Mathematical models of the use of time as a tool for studying the anthropology of time

Srečevanje s problemom razporejanja časa je vedno bolj razširjeno, hkrati pa povsem osredotočeno na posameznika, zato moramo biti pozorni na različne vidike človekove izkušnje. V tem magistrskem delu predstavimo ključne teorije antropološkega časa in jih povežemo z matematičnimi modeli izrabe časa. V prvem delu predstavimo sociološki in antropološki pogled na čas ter vidike posameznih antropologov. Nato postavimo povezavo med antropologijo in teorijo umetne inteligence z univerzalnim modelom procesa ter prikažemo reševanje dileme protislovja humanističnih relativizmov. Ključna ugotovitev tega dela je, da imamo znotraj znanosti, ki naj bi imela enoten pogled na svet, tri različne poglede na čas -- fizikalni pogled, ki čas razume kot dimenzijo, ekonomski pogled, ki čas razume kot vir, dobrino in antropološko sociološki pogled, ki čas razume kot ontologijo. Nazadnje opredelimo matematične osnove in opišemo matematični model izrabe časa ter predstavimo rezultate simulacij modela. Ugotovili smo, da lahko teorije antropologije časa povežemo z matematičnimi modeli izrabe časa s pomočjo univerzalnega modela procesa. Za posameznika to pomeni, da lahko s pomočjo ustrezne subjektivne ontologije vpliva na svoje dojemanje časa, s pomočjo prilagajanja aktivnosti pa lahko vpliva tudi na svoje občutje pri doživljanju časa. Na nizkih stopnjah učljivosti ob tem prevladuje apatija na vseh ravneh strasti in vztrajnosti, z naraščajočo zmožnostjo učenja pa lahko opazujemo prehod v zanos, ki je psihološko optimalna izraba časa.The problem of time management is ever more present and the process of solving it, is highly focused on the individual, therefore we need to pay a great deal of attention to the different aspects of the human experience. In this thesis we present the key theories of anthropological time and we correlate them with the mathematical models of time management. In the first part we present the sociological and anthropological view on time and the individual perspectives of anthropology researchers. We than set up a connection between the anthropology and theory of the artificial intelligence with the universal process model and we demonstrate solving the contradiction of humanistic relativisms. The key finding of this thesis is that science, which should have a unified view on the world, presents three different views on the concept of time: the physical view which presents time as a dimension, the economical view which in turn presents time as a vision, and the anthropological-sociological view in which time is defined as an ontology. Lastly we define the mathematical basics and describe the mathematical model of time usage and we present the results of model simulations. We discovered that it is possible to describe the anthropological theory of time with the mathematical models of time allocation with the help of the universal process model. For the individual, this means that he can influence his perception of time with the help of an appropriate subjective ontology. By adapting activities, he can also influence his feelings when experiencing time. On the lower levels of learning ability the apathy is prevailing on all levels of passion and perseverance but with the raising levels of learning ability we observe the transition into flow which is the psychologically optimal usage of time