Non-Pharmacological approaches in managing aggressive person living with dementia

Uvod: Demenca je eden izmed javnozdravstvenih in socialnih problemov današnje družbe. Simptomi demence so pogosto povezani z agresijo in agitacijo, zato želimo predstaviti nefarmakološke pristope v obravnavi oseb z demenco. Raziskovalne metode: Izveden je bil pregled strokovne in znanstvene literature. Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela. Literaturo smo iskali v podatkovnih bazah: PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGE in COBISS na osnovi vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev. Potek iskanja je prikazan s pomočjo PRISMA diagrama. Podatke smo analizirali po metodi vsebinske analize. Rezultati: Analizirali smo 10 raziskovalnih člankov. Oblikovali smo dve vsebinski kategoriji: Vrste nefarmakoloških pristopov in Ovire za uporabo nefarmakoloških pristopov. Avtorji raziskav poudarjajo učinkovitost in uporabnost nefarmakoloških pristopov, kot so glasbena terapija, terapevtski dotik, barvna terapija, terapija z lutko, fizioterapija, fizične aktivnosti, spominska terapija, obenem pa opozarjajo na premajhno uporabo, ki je posledica pomanjkanja znanja ter preobremenjenosti medicinskih sester. Razprava in sklep: Nefarmakološki pristopi veljajo za učinkovit pristop v obravnavi agresivnih oseb, obolelih za demenco. Dokazano je, da vplivajo na zmanjšanje agresije, agitacije in depresije. Velika prednost nefarmakoloških pristopov v obravnavi oseb z demenco sta varnost in v cenovna dostopnost.Introduction: Dementia is one of the significant health and social problem of today´s society. Because symptoms of dementia are usually associated with aggression and agitation, we focused on addressing these symptoms using non-pharmacological approaches. Methods: Literature review was conducted. A descriptive method of work was used. The literature was searched in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGE, and COBISS based oninclusion and exclusion criteria. The search process was present with the PRISMA flow chart. Results: Ten research articles were analyzed. Two content categories were created: Types of non-pharmacological approaches and Barriers to the use of non-pharmacological approaches. The study emphasize the efficacy in the applicability of non-pharmacological approaches such as music therapy, therapeutic touch, color therapy, puppet therapy, physiotherapy, physical activity, memory therapy. The findings emphasize the effectiveness and usefulness of non-pharmacological approaches, but warn for under-use, which is due to lack of knowledge and overload of nurses. Discussion and conclusion: Non-pharmacological approaches are considered an effective approach in treating aggressive individuals with dementia. They have been shown to reduce aggression, agitation, and depression. A significant advantage of non-pharmacological approaches in the treatment of people with dementia is safety and affordability