Vikings in the Iberian Peninsula

Magistrsko delo z naslovom Vikingi na Iberskem polotoku opisuje začetek vikinške dobe, politično dogajanje na Iberskem polotoku od razpada vizigotskega kraljestva v 8. stoletju do razpada cordobskega kalifata v 11. stoletju ter vikinške napade na ozemlju današnje Španije in Portugalske od 8. do 11. stoletja. Tarča prvih napadov je zaradi relativne bližine in politične nestabilnosti bila Anglijaprvoten cilj je bil kopičenje vojnega plena. Sčasoma so v Angliji začeli tudi prezimovati ter iskati nova neosvojena ozemlja. Eno od teh je bil tudi Iberski polotok, ki je bil takrat sestavljen iz dveh državnih tvorb: umajadske province al-Andaluz in Asturskega kraljestva. Al-Andaluz je leta 756 pod Abd al-Rahmanom postal neodvisna politična tvorbaneodvisnost od Bagdada pa je dodatno potrdil še Abd al-Rahman III., ki je leta 928 postal prvi kalif al-Andaluza. Vikingi so ozemlje današnje Španije in Portugalske napadli štirikrat, prvič leta 844. Ti napadi niso bili tako uspešni kot njihovi prejšnji napadi na angleške obale, čeprav jih prebivalci Iberskega polotoka niso pričakovali. Obale Asturije in al-Andaluza so napadli tudi leta 859, ko naj bi vojsko vodila legendarni Bjorn Ironside in Hastein, in leta 964, ko sta bili glavni tarči napadov Santiago de Compostela in Cordoba. Četrti napad je potekal med leti 968 in 971, ko je vikinški vojski poveljeval kralj Gundered, vendar so bili ponovno pregnani. Posamezni vikinški napadi so se pojavljali tudi v 11. stoletju, vendar niso bili tako obsežni kot v prejšnjih stoletjih.The master\u27s thesis titled Vikings on the Iberian Peninsula describes the beginning of the Viking Age, political events on the Iberian Peninsula from the collapse of the Visigothic Kingdom in the 8th century to the collapse of the Cordoba Caliphate in the 11th century, and Viking attacks in present-day Spain and Portugal from the 8th to 11th centuries. The target of the first attacks was England because of its relative proximity and political instabilitythe original goal was to accumulate war booty. Eventually, they also began to overwinter in England and look for new unconquered territories. One of these was also the Iberian Peninsula, which at the time consisted of two-state formations: the Umayyad province of Al-Andalus and the Kingdom of Asturias. Al-Andaluz became an independent political entity in 756 under Abd al-Rahmanindependence from Baghdad was further confirmed by Abd al-Rahman III, who in 928 became the first caliph of Al-Andalus. The Vikings invaded the territory of present-day Spain and Portugal four times, the first time in 844. These attacks were not as successful as their previous attacks on the English coasts although the inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula did not expect them. The coasts of Asturias and Al-Andalus were also invaded in 859 when the army was supposed to be led by the legendary Bjorn Ironside and Hastein, and in 964, when Santiago de Compostela and Cordoba were the main targets of the attacks. The fourth attack took place between 968 and 971 when the Viking army was commanded by King Gundered but they were again driven out. Individual Viking attacks also occurred in the 11th century but were not as extensive as in previous centuries