Risk factors and preventive strategies for HIV / AIDS in men who have sex with men: Integrative Review

Objective: to identify the main risk factors and the main preventive strategies adopted for HIV among Men who have Sex with Men. Method: Integrative review that used the databases Public Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Results: The most prevalent HIV risk factors among men who have sex with men are: multiple sexual partners, unprotected sex, syphilis, use of alcohol and other drugs, and receptive anal sex. The most suitable preventive strategies for this population are: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PreP), treatment as a form of prevention (TasP), HIV testing, consistent condom use and combined prevention. Results: The risk factors are related to sexual behavior and the use of alcohol and other drugs and preventive strategies are focused on the use of combined prevention measures.Conclusion: The risk factors for HIV infection in MSM were: multiple sexual partners, unprotected sexual intercourse, syphilis, alcohol and illicit drug use, and receptive anal sex and as main preventive strategies, PreP, TasP, HIV testing, consistent condom use and combined prevention.