Antidiabetic Effect of Rosa canina L. Fruit in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Rats

Background and Objectives: Recently, Rosa canina L. fruithas been taken into consideration in the treatment of diseases due to not having any side-effects. In the present study, the antidiabetic effect of Rosa canina L. fruit was investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, animals were divided into 6 groups (8 rats/group): healthy group, diabetic group, in which diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of alloxan (at dose of 120 mg/kg), and experimental groups, which were treated with i.p. administration of hydroethanolic extract (at doses of 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) for 14 days. Blood samples were collected from heart after 14 days. The diabetic control group was treated daily with saline. Serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-c, HDL-c, urea, uric acid, creatinine, enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (AP), were measured using kit. Results: Alloxan treatment significantly increased serum levels of glucose, LDL-c, triglyceride, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, enzymes ALT, AST, and AP and significantly decreased serum HDL-clevel in diabetic control (saline) animals compared to healthy group. Treatment with hydroethanolic extract of Rosa canina L. fruit for 14 days (in concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg), significantly decreased serum levels of glucose, LDL-c, triglyceride, total cholesterol urea, uric acid, creatinine and AP enzyme compared to the diabetic control animals, while increased serum HDL-c level compared to the diabetic control (saline)group. Conclusion: Hydroethanolic extract of Rosa canina fruit has antidiabetic effect on diabetic animals. Therefore, this plant is a good candidate for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and should be given more attention in future researches