Anthracnose on alfalfa caused by Colletotrichum americae-borealis in Córdoba province, Argentina

Alfalfa is an important forage crop in Argentina, with a large area dedicated to its cultivation. However, plant diseases are a common cause of loss because they limit productivity and reduce forage quality. Anthracnose, caused by the Colletotrichum species, is one of the most important diseases affecting alfalfa worldwide. In July 2018, alfalfa plants with anthracnose symptoms were collected in commercial fields of Cordoba province, Argentina. Initially, infected plants showed small, pale gray lesions on stems, which turned oval and developed irregular dark brown/black borders as they enlarged. Three fungal isolates were obtained from the necrotic tissues of stems and single-spore purified. Based on the morphology and multilocus phylogenetic analysis, combined sequences of the partial glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), histone H3 (HIS3) and actin (ACT) genes, the three isolates were identified as Colletotrichum americae-borealis. Pathogenicity testing showed these isolates were pathogenic to alfalfa and Koch's postulates were verified by re-isolating the pathogen.Fil: Bernardi Lima, Nelson. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Conforto, Erica Cinthia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Serri, Dannae Lilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Campilongo Mancilla, Ernesto Javier. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Stenglein, Sebastian Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnolológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología. Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Vargas Gil, Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin