Industry 4.0 oggi, Industry 5.0 domani?

Only a decade ago we started talking about Industry 4.0, a paradigm that radically changed the way companies operate. It is a process that has led to automated and interconnected industrial production, thanks to digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the use and exploitation of big data, the internet of things, etc. The development of these technologies has led to the birth of the "Cyber-physical System", computer systems capable of continuously interacting with the physical systems in which they operate. These systems enable three sequential scenarios: data generation and acquisition, their aggregation and decision-making support. However, cognitive computing and the digitalisation of processes will determine a negative scenario in the future: they will eliminate the need for the human workforce, causing job losses. In fact, a weak point of industry 4.0 is the possibility of making the workforce cooperate with IT systems in the production process ecosystem. Industry 5.0 was born precisely to try to restructure human activities in the field of production, to work in harmony with the human labour force with artificial intelligences, without negatively impacting manpower. This article introduces a general overview of Industry 5.0, how it got there and what its main features are