Le commerce international et son impact territorial au Brésil

http://www.mgm.fr/PUB/Mappemonde/M200/Droulers.pdfNational audienceBrazilian statistics allow us to analyze the changes in brazilian foreign trade since the introduction of the Real plan. Due to the liberalisation, the share of foreign trade in the brazilian PIB has grown to 12 % in 1997. On the other hand, brazilian trade balance, positive until 1992, has become negative.The analysis of the figures leads to underline the rôle of the EU and the USA in the overall brazilian trade. Yet, as countries of the Mercosul have seen an important growth of their share, the construction of the Mercosul appears like a tremendous opportunity for brazilian economy.As for the repartition of the volume of foreign trade on brazilian territory, we can only recognize the dramatic domination of the "Sudeste" region and particularly the state of São Paulo. This region dominates all the others for all types of products, except for the mining products which are exported through Esperito Santo or Maranhão. The border of the Mercosul also takes an important share of the global trade. The nortern and amazonian regions appear really late in this race, thus revealing their weak place in overall brazilian economy.L'analyse des statistiques brésiliennes du commerce extérieur montre les changements intervenus depuis le plan Real et la libéralisation des échanges. L'analyse des partenaires commerciaux du Brésil met en relief le rôle de l'Union Européenne et des États-Unis, mais aussi la progression des partenaires du Mercosul. La répartition des échanges au sein du territoire brésilien montre l'écrasante prééminence du Sudeste et particulièrement de l'État de São Paulo