Rearrangement of topological defects and anchoring on the inclusion boundary in ferroelectric smectic membranes

We report experiments on a ferroelectric membrane and droplets with tunable surface properties. In smectic membranes the configuration of the c-director field near inclusions may be rearranged drastically with temperature. The transformation of the c-director field results from the competition between the elastic and polar properties of the membranes.We demonstrate that anchoring conditions on the inclusion boundary are not fixed but depend on the temperature. A dipolar c-director configuration near droplets can evolve to a mixed configuration and to a quadrupolar one. These modifications of the c-director field near the inclusions lead to a change of the interaction between the inclusions, their self-organization, and even to the destruction of structures already formed by the inclusions. Our observations open new possibilities for manipulating inclusions and controlling their self-organization