Результаты материнских и неонатальных исходов беременности и родов у подростков

Instituţia Medico-Sanitară Publică Institutul Mamei şi CopiluluiActuality: Teenage pregnancy is a global problem and is considered a high-risk group, in spite of conflicting evidence. The aim of the study: was to compare obstetric outcomes of pregnancy in teenagers and older women. Materials and methods. This was a prospective study of case records of pregnancies in 2013. Girls aged ≤18 years were compared with pregnancy outcomes in older women (19–25 years) in the same maternity. The study took place in the Institute of Mather and Child Care, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. A total of 159 teenage pregnancies were compared with pregnancies in 290 older women. Socioeconomic data, age, number of pregnancies, antenatal care and complications, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcomes were considered. Results. Мean age of teenage pregnant mothers was 17,04 years. A significant proportion of teenage pregnant mothers were in their first pregnancies. The teenage mothers were at high risk of developing mothers’ depression (OR=0,2 (0,1<OR<0,3), RR=0,2 (0,2<RR<0,4), p<0,0001), anaemia (OR=12,8 (6,6<OR<27,4); RR=71 (3,9<RR<12,4); p <0,001) and delivering pre-term (OR =1,9 (1<OR<3,8), RR=1,5 (1,06<RR<2,05), p<0,05). Teenage mothers were more likely to deliver vaginally with no significant increase in the risk of assisted vaginal delivery or cesarean section. Young mothers were at risk of delivering low birth weight babies (OR=2,4 (1,2<OR<4,8), RR=1,6 (1,2<RR<2,2), p<0,05). Conclusions. The incidence of teenage pregnancy was found to be 57,4%0 in the Republic of Moldova. Teenage mothers had lower levels of education and higher levels of inadequate antenatal care, and more likely of developing the mother’s depression during pregnancy. Anemia, preterm labor, was the obstetric complication in teenage pregnancy. A higher incidence of maternal septic complications was observed in teenage pregnancy. Low birth weight was a neonatal complication in teenagers.Резюме. Подростковая беременность и роды до сих пор остаются мировой проблемой и относятся к категории беременностей высокого риска, несмотря на противоречивые данные. Цель данного проспективного исследования - проведение сравнительного анализа акушерских исходов у подростков и женщин более старшего возраста, родивших в Институте Матери и Ребенка в течение 2013 года. В исследование были включены 159 беременных подростков ≤ 18 лет и 290 беременных в возрасте 19- 25 лет. Произведен анализ методов родоразрешения и неонатальных исходов в зависимости от возраста, дородового наблюдения и социадьных факторов. Результаты. Средний возраст беременных подростков – 17, 04 лет, в большинстве случаев первородки. Беременные подростки подвержены большему риску развития таких осложнений, как депрессия (OR=0,2 (0,1<OR<0,3) RR=0,2 (0,2<RR<0,4), p<0,0001), анемия (OR=12,8 (6,6<OR<27,4); RR=71 (3,9<RR<12,4); p<0,001) и преждевременные роды (OR =1,9 (1<OR<3,8), RR=1,5 (1,06<RR<2,05), p<0,05), в сравнении с женщинами более старшего возраста. Отмечен риск рождения детей с низкой массой тела (OR=2,4 (1,2<OR<4,8), RR=1,6 (1,2<RR<2,2), p