INJURY PREVENTION IN HANDBALL PLAYERS

Rukomet je ekipni sport s loptom u kojem se dvije ekipe sa 7 igrača na terenu svaka međusobno natječe. Cilj igre je protivničkoj ekipi zabiti više zgoditka nego što ih je primiti i tim postignutim ciljem pozitivnog omjera golova definira se pobjednik. Karakteristike ovog sporta su da je on dinamičan, grub i vrlo intenzivan. Cilj ovog istraživanja je organizirati skup podataka o rukometašima koji govori o njihovim karakteristikama, navikama i vrsti treninga koji potencijalno dovode do ozljede. Potom detaljno analizirati mehanizam ozljede i plan i program radi prevencije iste. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 27 aktivnih punoljetnih rukometaša koji su ispunili anketni upitnik sastavljen od 26 pitanja usko povezanim sa njihovim karakteristikama, podacima o treninzima i ozljedama. Analiziranjem dobivenih podataka iz anketnog upitnika pokazalo se kako su svih 27 igrača pretrpjeli neku prijašnju ozljedu, dok su neki pretrpjeli i više od 1 ozljede. Najčešći uzroci odnosno mehanizmi ozljeđivanja su kontakt što govori o karakteristici grubosti ovoga sporta i kriv doskok, zatim nešto rjeđi uzroci su nagli pokreti, promjena smjera kretanja, pretreniranost i padovi. Svi ispitani rukometaši provode neku vrstu preventivnog programa protiv ozljeđivanja gležnja, a 96% rukometaša provodi preventivni program protiv ozljeđivanja koljena, donjeg dijela leđa i ramena. Zbog prirode rukometa kao sporta uvijek će postojati visok postotak ozljeda što je posljedično načinu i intenzitetu igre, no bitno je provesti sve moguće mjere najviše kvalitete kako ne bi došlo do ozljeđivanja s obzirom da je to neugodno iskustvo od kojeg sportaši pate i često ih zadržava izvan terena, sporta općenito, a katkad negativno utječe na njihov život izvan i nakon završetka sportske karijere.Handball is a team sport with a ball in which two teams with 7 players on the field each, compete with each other. The goal of the game is for a team to score more goals than it is to receive them from the opposing team, and with this achievement of a positive goal ratio, the winner is defined. The characteristics of this sport are that it is dynamic, rough and very intense. The aim of this research is to organize a set of data on handball players that talks about their characteristics, habits and the type of training that potentially lead to injury. Then analyze the mechanisms of the injury in detail and plan and program the same prevention. The study involved 27 active adult handball players who filled out a survey questionnaire composed of 26 questions closely related to their characteristics, training data and injuries. Analyzing the data obtained from the survey questionnaire showed that all 27 players had suffered a previous injury, while some had suffered more than 1 injury. The most common causes or mechanisms of injury are contact, which speaks of the characteristic roughness of this sport and wrong landing, then somewhat less common causes are sudden movements, change of direction, overtraining and falls. All surveyed handball players implement some kind of preventive program against ankle injuries, and 96% of handball players implement a preventive program against knee, lower back and shoulder injuries. Due to the nature of handball as a sport, there will always be a high percentage of injuries due to the way and intensity of the game, but it is important to take all possible measures of the highest quality to avoid injury as it is an unpleasant experience that athletes suffer from and not so rarely keeps them of the field and from sports in general, and sometimes negatively affects their lives outside and after the end of a sports career