Razvoj najstarejše lončenine na območju gozdne cone ob srednjem toku reke Volge (Vzhodna Evropa)

The article is devoted to the Neolithisation in the forest zone of the Middle Volga River basin. The different conceptions of the process are considered. The archaeological materials from different sites located on this territory and neighbouring regions have been compared. The question was raised regarding animal domestication and its attributes in the forest zone of the Volga region in the Neolithic period. The hypothesis that pottery spread in the forest zone of the Middle Volga region under the influence of cultures from a forest-steppe zone of the Volga region was examined, and the chronological frame of this process was determined. However, the process has been essentially one of migration and was not autochthonous. The mobile lifestyle of early Neolithic hunters played a major part in their movements and did not connect with a productive economy (i.e. domestication). An indicator of these changes is pottery style. For the forest zone of the Middle Volga region, the earliest Neolithic vessels are characterized by rare ornamental patterns that appeared earlier than other types.V članku predstavljamo neolitizacijo gozdne cone na območju srednjega toka reke Volge. Pri tem smo upoštevali različne zasnove tega procesa. Arheološki material smo primerjali tako na ravni različnih najdišč na tem območju kot v primerjavi s sosednjimi regijami. Predstavljamo tudi vprašanje domestikacije živali in njenih lastnosti na območju gozdne cone ob Volgi v času neolitika. Raziskali smo tudi hipotezo, da se je lončenina razširila v gozdni coni na območju srednjega toka reke Volge pod vplivom različnih kultur iz območja gozdne stepe ob Volgi, in določili kronološki okvir tega procesa. Proces lahko predvsem vežemo na migracije, ne na avtohton razvoj. Mobilnost lovcev v starejšem neolitiku je imela pomembno vlogo pri njihovem gibanju in ni bila povezana s produktivnim gospodarstvom (tj. domestikacijo). Eden od kazalnikov teh sprememb je slog lončenine. Za najstarejše neolitske posode na območju gozdne cone ob srednjem toku reke Volge so značilni redki okrasi, ki so se pojavili pred drugimi tipi posod