Adolescent violence prevention programs

Rad se bavi problematikom nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata, čimbenicima koji do njega dovode i sastavnicama programa prevencije koji bi trebali pridonijeti sprječavanju nasilnog ponašanja. Čimbenici nastanka nasilnog ponašanja kod adolescenata, proučavani u radu, jesu vršnjaci, roditelji i mediji. Svaki od navedenih čimbenika doveden je u vezu s nastankom nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata i objašnjen putem analitičkom modela navodeći rezultate empirijskih istraživanja koji podupiru model. Iz literature i provedenih istraživanja prikazane su sastavnice i aktivnosti koje bi se trebale uvrstiti u preventivne programe s ciljem prevencije nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata. Predložene sastavnice i aktivnosti preventivnih programa su: aktivnosti u slobodnom vremenu, stjecanje socijalno-emocionalnih kompetencija, uključivanje učenika u program vršnjačkog mentorstva, postavljanje pravila i kazni, profesionalno usavršavanje djelatnika škole, edukacija roditelja o roditeljstvu, postavljanje pravila i ograničavanje korištenja medija te otvorena komunikacija roditelja s djecom o korištenju medija. Navedene sastavnice dovedene su u vezu sa smanjenjem nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata i objašnjene putem analitičkog modela. Ističe se potreba za suradnjom obitelji i škole u provedbi programa, sustavnim pristupom u prevenciji nasilnog ponašanja i oslanjanjem na znanstvene spoznaje i saznanja iz prakse pri kreiranju programa prevencije. Naposljetku, navedene su karakteristike učinkovitih i neučinkovitih preventivnih programa iz prethodno provedenih istraživanja, koji su u skladu sa sastavnicama preventivnih programa navedenih u radu. Analitičke modele navedene u radu, trebalo bi empirijski istražiti kako bi se mogli potvrditi. Također, kako bi se dokazala učinkovitost predloženih sastavnica i samog programa prevencije, potrebno je provesti evaluaciju.The paper deals with the issue of violent behavior of adolescents, the factors that lead to it and the components of prevention programs that should contribute to the prevention of violent behavior. Factors in the development of violent behavior in adolescents, studied in the paper, are peers, parents and the media. Each of these factors has been linked to the emergence of adolescent violent behavior and explained through an analytical model citing the results of empirical research that supports the model. From the literature and conducted research, the components and activities that should be included in prevention programs with the aim of preventing violent behavior of adolescents are presented. The proposed components and activities of prevention programs are: leisure activities, acquisition of social and emotional competencies, inclusion of students in peer mentoring programs, setting rules and penalties, professional development of school staff, educating parents about parenting, setting rules and restricting media use and open communication parents with children about media use. These components were related to the reduction of adolescent violent behavior and explained through an analytical model. The need for cooperation between the family and the school in the implementation of the program, a systematic approach in the prevention of violent behavior and reliance on scientific knowledge and practical knowledge in creating prevention programs is emphasized. Finally, the characteristics of effective and ineffective prevention programs from previously conducted research, which are in line with the components of prevention programs listed in the paper, are listed. The analytical models listed in the paper should be empirically researched in order to be confirmed. Also, in order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed components and the prevention program itself, it is necessary to conduct an evaluation