Analysis and application of Python programming language in informatics education

Europska komisija predlaže osam ključnih kompetencija koje je potrebno ostvariti već pri završetku osnovnoškolskog obrazovanja. Jedna od kompetencija jest i digitalna kompetencija koja sve više predstavlja jednu od najvažnijih kompetencija svakog pojedinca. Uz digitalnu kompetenciju vežu se informacijsko-komunikacijske vještine, a podrazumijevaju uporabu računala i mreže kao temeljnih sredstava za pristup i razmjenu informacija, te komunikaciju. Informatika, kao ključan školski predmet u provedbi digitalne kompetencije, odnedavno važi kao obvezan predmet od petog razreda osnovne škole, a tomu je tako zbog važećeg kurikula nastavnog predmeta Informatika o kojem će detaljnije biti riječi u ovom radu. Kurikul, između ostalog, iznosi četiri domene u organizaciji predmetnoga kurikula Informatike, a domena o kojoj će biti najviše riječi u ovom radu jest Računalno razmišljanje i programiranje. U okviru te domene će se na postupan i sistematičan način kroz udžbenike informatike prikazati programski jezik Python. Ideja ovog rada jest definirati osnovne koncepte programiranja u Pythonu primjenjivih u školi, te ukazati na utjecaj domene Računalno razmišljanje i programiranje na učenikov daljnji razvoj.The European Commission proposes eight key competencies that need to be achieved at the end of primary education. One of the competencies is also digital competence, which is increasingly becoming one of the most important competencies of every individual. Digital competence is associated with information and communication skills, and implies the use of computers and networks as basic means for accessing and exchanging information and communication. Informatics, as a key school subject in the implementation of digital competence, has only recently been considered a compulsory subject since the fifth grade of primary school, and this is due to the current curriculum of the subject of informatics, which will be discussed in more detail in this thesis. The curriculum, among other things, presents four domains in the organization of the subject curriculum of informatics, and the domain that will be discussed the most in this thesis is computer thinking and programming. Within that domain, the Python programming language will be presented in a gradual and systematic way through informatics textbooks. The idea of this work is to define the basic concepts of programming in Python applicable in school and to point out the influence of the domain of computer thinking and programming on the student's further development