Ebu hayyan et-tevhidi ve felsefesi kişiliği

TEZ ÖZETİEbu Hayyân’ın felsefî kişiliği; nefs, bilgi, ahlak alanlarıyla ilgili problemler çerçevesinde sorduğu sorulara, edeb, felsefe, kelam ve tasavvuf gelenekleri içerisinden geçerek aradığı cevaplar sayesinde açığa çıkar. Entelektüel biyografisiyle de yakından ilişkili olan bu cevap arayışı, onu sırasıyla bir edîb-âlim, edîb-filozof, edîb-sûfî ve sûfî-filozof olarak tanımamıza fırsat vermiştir. THESİS ABSTRACTThe main aim of this thesis is to explore the new attitude in the philosophy of Islam that may be named as philosopher as a littérateur. This new attitude can be seen in the fourth/tenth century of Islam in the person who is the scribe of the circle of Abu Sulayman al-Sijistani. He is Abu Hayyân al-Tawhidi, the author of al-Imta and al-Mukabasat. The fourth/tenth century of Islam has witnessed the confrontation between adab and falsafa. İn this confrontation, adab incorporated Arabic and Islamic characteristics, while falsafa incorporated ancient Greek characteristics. Abu Hayyân al-Tawhidi attempted to synthesize between adab and falsafa. However, his effort has aimed at the establishment of the relationship between religious and philosophical sciences. This thesis discusses Tawhidi’s effort through many philosophical matters that he has presented to us in his books. Some of them included the problem of ethics, classification of sciences, the question about the soul, the relationship between logic and Arabic grammar, and related things