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Not AvailableA double row manual-cum-bullock drawn seed-cum-fertilizer drill (Vivek seed-cum-fertilizer drill; cost INR 2000/=) suitable for sowing rice, wheat and lentil has been developed at Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, Almora, India. The machine was fabricated using locally available materials. It consists of an MS body, inverted T-type furrow opener with 25º rake angle, adjustable MS beams for man and bullock power, seed box with fluted feed metering device, fertilizer box with agitator, plastic delivery tube, and MS transportationcum-power wheel. The weight of the seed-cum-fertilizer drill is 23 kg. It can be operated by two persons for sowing in a prepared seedbed and by a pair of bullocks in case of no-till sowing. The machine has the capacity to sow 0.025 to 0.04 ha/hr. Line sowing of wheat and lentil with zerotill seed-cum-fertilizer drill (power source: 2 men) resulted in saving of INR 5059 and INR 4206 respectively as compared to traditional practice (two passes of ploughing with indigenous plough+ Manual clod crushing+ Two pass of wooden plank+ Manual broadcasting; Power source: 1 Man and 1 bullock pair). Energy savings in wheat and lentil sown with zero-till seed drill were 1,305.3 MJ/ha and 1,106.6 MJ/ha, respectively, as compared to the traditional method of broadcast sowing. Study of soil physical properties showed that soil water content at all the studied soil depths were higher in plots under line sowing without seedbed preparation (T2) than those in plots under line sowing with seed bed preparation (T1). The values of soil bulk density at harvest under T2 were higher in 0-15 cm soil depth.ICA