Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Properties of Allium sativum Against Lactobacillus

The objectives of this study were to extract phytochemical components of Allium sativum and screen the phytochemical composition of allium extracts for bioactivity against Lactobacillus. The methanol extract of Allium sativum was obtained from a dried sample of garlic, was screened for phytochemical composition and tested for antimicrobial properties against probiotic bacteria lactobacillus. Antimicrobial analysis was done using agar well diffusion method where different concentration of garlic extract were tested against lactobacillus. The experiment was arranged in 3 replicates according to 4 treatments of different extract concentrations and in the control experiment the bacterial were grown without extract. The result of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, and flavonoids in garlic, but tannins were absent. The antibacterial activity of the extracts against the test lactobacillus showed inhibitory effect where different concentrations showed different inhibitory activities. This review goes over some relevant research that has already been done in this area where garlic has been tested for antimicrobial activities against numerous human pathogens. It therefore lays a ground for new research in testing allium varieties for antimicrobial activities against human resident microbes like lactobacillus that may be subject to susceptibility on these antimicrobial natural products