Review of solar-biomass pyrolysis systems: Focus on the configuration of thermal-solar systems and reactor orientation

Solar energy and biomass produce energy, which is sustainable and does not harm our environment. This characteristic of the two-energy feedstock is harnessed using the pyrolysis method to produce liquid and gaseous fuel that is transportable while bio-char regarded as a by-product has found usefulness in soil amendments. Solar-biomass pyrolysis technology combines these two low-density energy feedstock to produce high energy density fuel. The effectiveness of this process depends not only on the feedstock or reaction dynamics but also on the solar-thermal systems and reactor configuration. This review addressed the benefits of solar-biomass pyrolysis, available optical concentrating device, conceptual heating modes, the existing configuration of solar-thermal and reactor orientations, and some basic model equations applied in solar biomass pyrolysis