IoT-Based computational modeling for next generation agro-ecosystems: research issues, emerging trends and challenges

In this introductory chapter we highlight some fundamental concepts, architectures and definitions related to IoT-based Computational Modeling for Next Generation Agro-ecosystems. We distinguish and discus the paradigms of Cloud-tothing Continuum as a large digital ecosystem comprising IoT, Edge, Fog, and Cloud Computing, data cycles from data gathering, processing and analysis to knowledge generation and decision making. Machine learning and stream processing, optimization, simulation frameworks, symbiotic modeling and the digital twin as well as emerging research trends, ethics and health & safety issues are also introduced and discussed. Challenges arising from processing and analyzing large and heterogeneous data sets are pointed out with some examples of killer applications from Agriculture 4.0. These concepts, models, technologies, frameworks and benchmarks are covered in the chapters of the book and exemplified with real life use cases and applications. In all, Cloud-to-thing continuum and IoT as part of it are envisaged as game changers for Computational Modeling of Next Generation Agro-ecosystemsPeer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft