Relationship between region and social stratification in inequality of educational opportunities : focusing on higher education

本稿では，教育機会の不平等における地域と社会階層の関連構造を検討した。地域による教育機会の不平等に関する研究は，これまでコンスタントに行われてきた。ただし，地域的要因が社会階層などの他要因に還元できると解釈されうることから，地域を属性的な要因として位置づけることには批判も存在してきた。そこで，本稿では，進路選択に対して，地域変数と社会階層的変数が，どのように関連しているのかを計量的に把握することを試みた。分析の結果，たしかに，進学行動に対して，地域変数は社会階層的変数を通して格差を生成していた。だが，社会階層的変数に還元できない形でも地域変数は格差を生成していた。さらに，両者を比べると，社会階層的変数を媒介しない形の方が，格差を生成する度合いが大きい。ここからは，地域的要因は，社会階層的要因とは相対的に独自に教育機会の不平等という現実を生成していることがあらためて示唆される。 In this paper, we examined the relationship between region and social stratification in inequality of educational opportunities. Many researchers have been studying regional inequality in educational opportunities. However, there have been criticisms about positioning the region as an attribute factor. Because it can be interpreted that regional factors can be reduced to other factors such as social stratification. Therefore, in this paper, we attempted to quantitatively analyze how regional variables and social stratification variables are related to educational selection. Through the above, this paper clarifies that on the one hand, to what extent regional variables mediate social stratification variables to generate inequality of educational opportunities, and on the other hand, to what extent regional variables generate the inequalities without mediating social stratification variables. As a result of the analysis, it is true that regional variables generate disparities through social stratification variables for higher education behavior. However, regional variables generated disparities even if they could not be reduced to social stratification variables. Furthermore, comparing the two, the form that does not mediate social stratification variables produces a greater degree of disparity. it is suggested again that regional factors generate the reality of inequality in educational opportunities relatively independently of social stratification factors