Hyperspectral Imaging for Detecting Authenticity and Geographical Origin of Sarawak Ground Black Pepper

Sarawak black pepper is highly valued by consumers around the globe and hence earns its high pricing. Common adulterants such as papaya seeds powder are added into black pepper powder products to reduce cost and increase profit, causing decline in their authenticity. This thesis explores Visible-NIR hyperspectral imaging (HSI) as a rapid, non-destructive and affordable method to determine adulterants and geographical origin of Sarawak ground black pepper using various common machine learning techniques and deep learning