Associations between Individual-level and Area-level social disadvantage and oral health behaviours in Australian adolescents

Background Oral health behaviours are significant determinants of oral health. There is evidence that socioeconomic position influences oral health behaviours, but little is known about this association during adolescence. This study aims to investigate the association between social disadvantage (individual and area level) and oral health behaviours among Australian adolescents. Methods This study utilized data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). The sample consisted of 2877 adolescents. Exposure measures were area‐level social disadvantage (Socioeconomic Indexes for Areas) and parent‐reported household income from Wave 5. Outcomes, measured in Wave 6, were three different adolescent‐reported oral health behaviours: frequency of brushing, consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSB) and dental visits. Associations between quintiles of each exposure and each oral health behaviour were tested by fitting multivariable logistic regression models. Results Household income and area‐level disadvantage were associated with dental visits and brushing frequency. Associations between social disadvantage and consumption of SSBs were less apparent, with only the least disadvantaged adolescents having lower odds of consumption of SSBs compared to the most disadvantaged group. Conclusion Individual and area‐level socioeconomic factors are associated with dental visits, and frequency of brushing.Broad population‐based strategies must be adopted to reduce intake of SSBs, however, targeted strategies are needed among more disadvantaged populations to address infrequent toothbrushing and irregular dental visits among adolescents