Serostatus testing and dengue vaccine cost–benefit thresholds

CITATION: Pearson, C. A. B. et al. 2019. Serostatus testing and dengue vaccine cost–benefit thresholds. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 16:20190234, doi:10.1098/rsif.2019.0234.The original publication is available at https://royalsocietypublishing.orgTheWorld Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends pre-screening for past infection prior to administration of the only licensed dengue vaccine, CYD-TDV. Using a threshold modelling analysis, we identify settings where this guidance prohibits positive net-benefits, and are thus unfavourable. Generally, however, our model shows test-then-vaccinate strategies can improve CYD-TDV economic viability: effective testing reduces unnecessary vaccination costs while increasing health benefits.With sufficiently lowtesting cost, those trends outweigh additional screening costs, expanding the range of settings with positive net-benefits. This work highlights two aspects for further analysis of test-then-vaccinate strategies.We found that starting routine testing at younger ages could increase benefits; if real tests are shown to sufficiently address safety concerns, the manufacturer, regulators andWHOshould revisit guidance restricting use to 9-years-and-older recipients. We also found that repeat testing could improve return-on-investment (ROI), despite increasing intervention costs. Thus, more detailed analyses should address questions on repeat testing and testing periodicity, in addition to real test sensitivity and specificity. Our results follow from a mathematical model relating ROI to epidemiology, intervention strategy, and costs for testing, vaccination and dengue infections.We applied this model to a range of strategies, costs and epidemiological settings pertinent toCYD-TDV.However, general trendsmay not apply locally, sowe provide our model and analyses as an R package available via CRAN, denvax. To apply to their setting, decision-makers need only local estimates of age-specific seroprevalence and costs for secondary infections.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2019.0234Publisher's versio