Comparison of the F₂ and F₃ traits’ inheritance by the rice hybrid ‘Kontro x Kuboyar’

Rice is a very moisture-loving crop, therefore it suffers greatly from drought. However, in the world in recent years, there is an increasing shortage of fresh water, which makes the use of upland rice relevant. Therefore, rice varieties with a reduced demand for water supply, developed as a result of breeding work, are more profitable for agricultural producers than agrotechnical or reclamation measures. It is much cheaper to produce such rice with periodic irrigation. The purpose of the current study was to analyze genetically the main quantitative traits of the rice hybrid ‘Kontro x Kuboyar’ with the selection of the best forms for subsequent breeding for drought resistance. The study was carried out in 2019–2020 on the rice plots of the special subdivision ‘Proletarskoye’ belonging to of the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in the Rostov Region. In the course of the study there has been made a genetic analysis of a number of quantitative traits that determine rice productivity. The character of traits’ inheritance in the second and third generations was identical. The inheritance of the trait ‘panicle length’ was characterized by partial negative dominance and monogenic differences in parental varieties. The trait ‘number of spikelets per panicle’ was inherited according to the type of negative dominance of smaller values of the trait and was determined by the interaction of two pairs of genes. The trait ‘1000-kernel weight’ was identified by the partial dominance of large values of the trait and monogenic differences in the parental varieties. The traits ‘kernel length’ and ‘kernel width’ were split according to the monohybrid scheme 1:2:1, and there was no dominance. From the third generation, the best early-maturing forms with optimal values of the traits ‘plant height’, ‘panicle length’, ‘1000-kernel weight’ and ‘the best kernel percentage per panicle’ were selected for the subsequent breeding of drought-resistant rice varieties