The Palestinians are the oldest and one of the most numerous refugee community in the world. This chapter describes, first, who are labeled as Palestinian refugees and their historical-political paths, both in the context of the Arab-Israeli conflict and the international one. Secondly, it discusses the new challenges this community currently faces: the war in Syria, the Great March of Return in Gaza, and the serious cuts that the United States has imposed on the budget of UNRWA, the United Nations agency tasked with the aid of Palestinian refugees and their camps throughout the Middle East.Sin financiaciónNo data WoSNo data Scopus302.000 SPI ICEE (2018), 12/96 General – Editoriales extranjerasUE