PENGARUH KONSENTRASI ZPT 2,4-D DAN BAP TERHADAP INDUKSI KALUS DAUN BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.) SECARA KULTUR IN VITRO

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the Alliaceae family that can be used as food and medicine. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a tuber vegetable plant that has high commercial value, so it is widely cultivated by Indonesian farmers. Plant tissue culture is an effective and efficient technique in producing plant seeds quickly, uniformly, in unlimited quantities, and in swarming. Tissue culture in garlic plants can use various sources of explants, including shoots, callus leaves and callus roots. Superior seeds are also widely carried out through tissue culture by mutation or genetic engineering. The aims of this study were (1) to determine the effect of treatment with a combination of concentrations of ZPT 2,4-D (0.5; 1 and 1.5 ppm) and BAP (1; 1.5 and 2 ppm) on the growth of garlic callus. in vitro. (2) Knowing the effect of giving the concentration of ZPT 2,4-D (0.5; 1 and 1.5 ppm) on the growth of garlic callus in vitro. (3) How did the concentration of ZPT BAP (1; 1.5 and 2 ppm) influence the growth of garlic callus in vitro. The research was conducted at the Mitra Orchid Indonesia Laboratory, Junrejo District, Batu City. The time of the study was carried out from October 2020 to February 2021. The method used was a Randomized Block Design with 9 treatments, namely D1B1, D1B2, D1B3, D2B1, D2B2, D2B3, D3B1, D3B2, and D3B3 (D1 = 0.5 ppm 2 ,4-D, D2=1.0 ppm 2,4-D, D3=1.5 ppm 2,4-D and B1= 1.0 ppm BAP, B2= 1.5 ppm BAP, B3=2, 0 ppm BAP) and repeated 3 times. The research procedures carried out included (1) Sterilization of Tools and Materials (2) Sterilization of Garlic Bulbs (3) Sterilization of Garlic Cloves (4) Planting, and (6) Maintenance. Parameters observed were: color of explants, percentage of live explants, percentage of dead explants, percentage of swollen explants. The results of the F test from this study showed that there was an effect of the combination treatment giving ZPT 2,4-D (0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 1.5 ppm) and BAP (1 ppm, 1.5 ppm, 2 ppm) on callus initiation. seen from the swelling of the explants, the curved growth of the explants, and the picture of the cell zone. Similarly, the separate treatment of 2.4 D or BAP also had an effect. However, statistically the effect of combination or separate treatment was not significant