Calibration of Precise Levelling Staffs

U ovom radu je opisana metoda geometrijskog nivelmana s posebnim fokusom na nivelman visoke točnosti i precizne nivelmanske letve. Navedeni su i objašnjeni utjecaji nesavršenosti preciznih nivelmanskih letvi na mjerenja u nivelmanu visoke točnosti, kao i metode modeliranja, minimiziranja i eliminacije sustavnih pogrešaka letvi. Također su opisani pojam i proces umjeravanja preciznih nivelmanskih letvi te razvoj metoda i komparatora za umjeravanje s fokusom na komparatore s integriranom CCD kamerom. Pobliže je opisan komparator Laboratorija za mjerenje i mjernu tehniku Geodetskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, te je prezentiran plan njegova osuvremenjivanja razvojem nove metode umjeravanja geodetskih linearnih mjerila integriranjem CCD kamere.This paper describes geometric levelling with a special focus on high accuracy levelling and precise levelling staffs. The imperfections of precise levelling staffs and their influence on high accuracy levelling are stated and explained, as well as modeling, minimization, and elimination methods of the staff systematic errors. The concept and process of calibration of precise levelling staffs is also described, as well as the development of calibration methods and comparators with a focus on comparators with an integrated CCD camera. The comparator of the Laboratory for Measurements and Measuring Technique of the Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb is described in detail, and a plan for its modernization by presenting a new method of calibration of geodetic linear scales by integrating a CCD camera is given