Framework for Alliance Capabilities: A Study in Malaysian University-Industry R&D Alliances

Industry 4.0 radically disrupts manufacturing technologies, and also fundamentally impacts societal wellbeing. In Malaysia, R&D and innovation play a strategic role to ensure a smooth migration into Industry 4.0. However, the current levels of R&D and innovation are still inadequate. Hence, various national polices have called for greater university-industry R&D alliances. To increase these R&D alliances, further research on `alliance capability' is needed. Alliance capabilities can be analyzed at the macro-level or micro-level. Currently, there is limited knowledge on how R&D university-industry alliances operate at the microlevel. Therefore, this study aims to construct a framework on how micro-level alliance capabilities influence R&D alliance success