Patent Protection for Microbial Technologies

Microbial technologies often serve as the basis of fundamental research tools in molecular biology. These presents challenges, as well as ethical, legal and social issues, concerning their patenting. This commentary presents several case studies of these issues across three major microbiological tools: CRISPR, viral vectors, and antimicrobial resistance drugs. It concludes that the development of these technologies — both scientifically and commercially — depend, in part, on the patent regime available for each.Ope