Pengembangan Kriteria Seleksi Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) di Lahan Gambut Provinsi Riau

Pengembangan varietas cabai toleran lahan gambut merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produksi cabai di lahan gambut yang cukup luas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kriteria seleksi cabai toleran lahan gambut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP Rimbo Panjang, Fakultas Pertanian UNRI pada bulan November 2020 hingga Maret 2021. Penelitian menggunakan 20 genotipe cabai meliputi sembilan cabai besar, enam cabai keriting, dan lima cabai rawit. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan genotipe berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua karakter kuantitatif yang diamati kecuali umur panen dan diameter batang. Tinggi tanaman, lebar tajuk, tinggi dikotomus, diameter buah, panjang buah, bobot buah, tebal daging buah, umur berbunga, jumlah buah, dan bobot buah per tanaman memiliki nilai heritabilitas tinggi. Hasil analisis lintas menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan daging buah, bobot buah, panjang buah, dan diameter buah berpengaruh langsung terhadap bobot buah per tanaman. Karakteristik diameter buah, panjang buah dan bobot buah secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi bobot buah per tanaman melalui karakteristik daging buah. Karakter yang dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi cabai toleran lahan gambut adalah ketebalan daging buah (0.71), bobot buah (0.80) dan panjang buah (0.74). Kata kunci: heritabilitas, karakter kuantitatif, korelasi, sidik lintasThe development of chili varieties tolerant to peatland is one way to increase chili production in large area peatlands. This research aimed to determine the selection criteria for tolerant chili in peatlands. The research was conducted at the Rimbo Panjang Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, from November 2020 to March 2021. This research involved 20 genotypes of nine large chilies, six curly chilies, and five bird peppers. Analysis of variance showed that the genotype had a significant effect on all quantitative characters except for harvesting date and stem diameter. The characters of plant height, canopy width, dichotomous height, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit weight, fruit flesh thickness, flowering date, number of fruit, and fruit weight per plant had high heritability values. Path analysis showed that the fruit flesh thickness, fruit weight, fruit length, and fruit diameter directly influenced fruit weight per plant. Characters of fruit diameter, fruit length, and weight per fruit have an indirect effect on fruit weight per plant through the characteristics of fruit flesh thickness. Characters that can be used as selection criteria for peatland tolerant chili are fruit flesh thickness (0.71), fruit weight (0.80), and fruit length (0.74). Keywords: correlation, heritability, quantitative character, path analysi