Hasil Cek Similarity: A Corpus-Based Analysis Of English Core Modal Verbs And Their Counterparts In Indonesian

This paper examines the core modal verbs in English and their counterparts in Indonesian. It reveals the plausible modality c ategories dominant among English and Indonesian speakers, identifying the most salient modality categories. The English core modal verbs being investigated are equivalent to can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, and must, which have been selected due to their wide us e in formal and non-formal contexts. The analysis indicates the frequency of modal verb usage in English and Indonesian sentence constructions. It provides a contrastive analysis using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data was collected from several corpora: ARCHER and COCA for English language data and MCP and Wortschatz for Indonesian language data. Data was analysed quantitatively by applying the normalised frequency method and qualitatively by employing the translational identity method. The analysis shows that core modal verbs expressing volition and prediction are most frequently found in English, with the modal verb will being the most frequently used modal verb and its preterite form occupies the third position. As with English, Indonesian also considers the expression of volition and prediction salient because it most frequently uses the modality expression akan. The modal verbs can and could are also used intensively by English speakers, showing that speakers consider the concepts of possibility and permission prominent, as well as prediction and volition. The contrastive analysis shows that, among English and Indonesian speakers, prediction and volition are important notional states in terms of modality expression. Index Terms: corpus, corpus-based analysis, English, Indonesian, modal verb